Confusion in Landscape for a Good Woman Essay -- Landscape for a Good

Confusion in Landscape for a Good cleaning ladyI found Landscape for a Good Woman to be a confusing landscape, one whose contours are difficult to follow. I dont mean to refer that I did not find the book fascinating, but it was so rich and the stories and scholarly discussions were so intertwined that it was difficult to keep track of what Steedman was trying to convey. Why did she subscribe to to write in this way? Instead of giving us a straight narrative about her childhood and allowing us to make our own inferences, I feel as if shes told a story and, at the same time, shes told us how to interpret that story and has given us a critique of her own and others interpretations of her story. Steedman does aim the section titled Stories by saying that this book. . . is about interpretations. Of course, all stories, fiction or non-fiction, are interpretations of events and characters, told from the perspective of the author. I dont find the interpretations themselves to be problem atic possibly what I find confusing is that Steedman gives us interpretations from so many different...

The Story of Me :: essays papers

The Story of MeTo continue our familys ethnic/cultural identity, our parents must teach us the core values of our Eastern Asiatic culture. The most fundamental of these values regard gender roles and datingwhich lead to a gender bias. Children of both sexes are more influenced by the mothers attitudes than fathers because mothers play the simple well-disposedizing agents in the Eastern Asian community.I am from a fairly strict Vietnamese family. I was born in a refugee bivouacking in Thailand, but ten days after I was born, we came here to the U.S. So I basically grew up here in the States. Growing up, on that point was my oldest brother (who is 13 years older than me), me, my younger sister, and my youngest brother. In my culture, a sibling that much older tends to have a lot of authority over the younger siblings. So here I am, the oldest daughter, growing up in a strict Vietnamese family with basically three parents. Needless to say, I had a precise protected childh ood.If I wasnt with my mom in the kitchen helping her cook, I was doing other chores around the house. If I wasnt doing chores around the house, I was with my pappa reading a book or going over my spelling words for my weekly spelling tests. Academics is an issue n forever to be taken lightly.If I was caught just laying around the house just watching TV or anything that isnt productive, I can always expect my mom to be close to tisk and say, What kind of a lazy daughter are you? What would people say if they were to see the oldest daughter in this state? Public image is very important to them.My brother, on the other hand, was always out doing something. Be it road trips, camping trips, playing poolhe was just always out. If he was ever home at all, I can only recall him either sprawled out on the couch in from of the TV or on the anticipate with his friends or his girlfriend.When I was younger, it didnt take me long to see all of this as unfair treatment. For me, it was ve ry difficult to have any freedom with my social life. I had a 9o clock curfew and could only go out with friends whose parents my parents had to know personally.

Women in the Middle Ages Essay -- essays research papers fc

The medieval fair sex was allowed a larger measure of freedom and status than the usual image we have of the mall Ages. Women were allowed to cause property and acquire from their family. Some women were employed and some were in charge of businesses. Among the upper class, women were as educated as their male counterseparate. In Europe, women were allowed to inherit property from both their fathers and their husbands. In most cases, whatever the woman brought into a marriage in the form of a dowery was hers, even if her husband disjoint her. If a woman was childless or her children were to young to inherit, she would control her husbands property after his death. This was common because of the trend of women in their teens marrying men 10-20 long time older.Some women gained control of their husbands property because they left for the crusades and the wife ran the business in the husbands absence. Some men were gone for age and some never returned.Women had control of certain areas of commerce of their own volition. Silk spinning was almost exclusively womens work Women manufactured purses and ladies hats, too. And in some parts of Europe, such as Paris, they were allowed to run brothels and taverns.In the Hollister Sourcebook, there is a picture from a French manuscript depicting a woman as an artificer painting a woman. The caption states women of the Middle Ages participated in the business world in a way that only men would be allowed to in posterior times, which included trade, banking, the direction of business enterprises, textile manufacturing, brewing, tax collecting, money lending, illuminating and copying books,... and a variety of other activities.Women could even belong to guilds and some taught their knowledge, not only in artisan occupations, but also reading, writing and arithmetic. A woman could be as educated as her male counterpart. Women also were midwives and frequently served as a sort of doctor giving medical advice and dispens ed medications.The town of Sardinia provides an interesting look into the life of the medieval woman. In Sardinia, a woman could own property and retain a separate title to her own property she brought into a marriage. It was the custom of ... ...ld membership in guilds. They could conduct business and own property. Not only that but their status in the church changes in the Middle Ages to one of more acceptance and they become the subject for artistic expressions in pictures, poetry, songs and books. It was a unique period in history for women. BIBLIOGRAPHYErler, Mary, and Maryanne Kowaleski. Women and Power in the Middle Ages. The University of Georgia Press. 1988.Hollister, C. Warren. gothic Europe A Short History. The McGraw-Hill Companies. 1998.Hollister, C. Warren, Joe W. Leedom, Marc A. Meyer, David S. Spear. Medieval Europe A Short Sourcebook. The McGraw-Hill Companies. 1997.LeGoff, Jacques. Medieval Civilization. Basil Blackwell Ltd. 1988.Shafar, Shulamith. The Fourth Est ate. Methuen & Co., Ltd. 1983.

Hemophilia Essay -- essays research papers fc

Hemophilia is the oldest known hereditary exhaust disorder. There are dickens types of hemophilia, A and B (Christmas Disease). Low levels or complete absence of a blood protein essential for curdling causes both. Patients with hemophilia A lack the blood curdling protein, part eight-spot, and those with hemophilia B lack factor IX. A soul with severe hemophilia has less than 1% of the normal amount of a clotting factor - either Factor VIII (8) or Factor IX (9). People without hemophilia bring in between 50-150% of the normal level of factor VIII or IX. There are about 20,000 hemophilia patients in the United States. Each year, about 400 babies are born with this disorder. Approximately 85% wealthy person hemophilia A and the remainder has hemophilia B. The severity of hemophilia is related to the amount of the clotting factor in the blood. About 70% of hemophilia patients have less than one percent of the normal amount and, thus, have severe hemophilia. A small increase in the blood level of the clotting factor, up to five percent of normal, results in mild hemophilia with rare bleeding except after injuries or surgery.This is not a problem when a person with hemophilia has a simple cut or scrape. He doesnt bleed any faster than the average person. He can hold pull on the cut and platelets in the blood will stop the bleeding.The problem for people with hemophilia is bleeding inner the body, especially bleeding into joints like the knees, elbows, and ankles. When bleeding happens inside the joint, it bugger offs very swollen and painful. Repeated bleeding into a joint can cause a type of crippling arthritis. Bleeding inside early(a) parts of the body, such as the brain, throat, and abdomen can be life-threatening. A person with mild hemophilia may only have problems with bleeding when he has surgery, major dental work, or a severe injury. A person with moderate hemophilia will have those problems plus bleeding problems with more modest injuries s uch as a hard bump to the knee. A person with severe hemophilia can have what are called spontaneous bleeds - bleeding that starts inside the body for no known reason.Hemophilia is classified as mild, moderate or severe, depending on the amount of clotting factor a person has in his body. Severe hemophilia is actually the most common form. People with hemophilia are born with the disorder and have it all of their lives. You cant ca... ...ed HIV.Factor VIII gene is characterized and cloned. 1985Viral-inactivated factor concentrates become available.ELISA and Western Blot Test are developed to test antibodies for HIV.1989Hepatitis C virus, previously called non-A, non-B, is identified.1991Testing for hepatitis C is introduced.1992First recombinant factor VIII products become available.1995First case of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, the human form of Mad Cow disease, is identified in the U.K.1997First recombinant factor IX products become available.1998Gene therapy trials on hum ans begin.Effective treatment for hemophilia is available, but as yet there is no cure. Bleeding can be interact with an injection of clotting factor that is made from blood or biotechnological ingredients called recombinants. Bleeding stops when enough clotting factor reaches the affected area. Works CitedI.Principles Of Genetics seventh Edition, Robert H. Tamarin. 2002II.World Federation of Hemophilia. www.wfh.orgIII.Hemophilia of Georgia. www.hog.orgIV.Hemophilia Village. Hemophiliavillage.com

The Pursuit of Happiness in Fahrenheit 451 :: Fahrenheit 451 Essays

Happiness plays an important and necessary role in the lives of people around the population. In America, happiness has been engrained in our national consciousness since Thomas Jefferson penned these renowned words in the Declaration of Independence We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inviolable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness (Jefferson). Since then, Americans have been engaged in that act pursuing happiness. The problem however, as Ray Bradbury demonstrates in his novel Fahrenheit(postnominal) 451, is that those things which make us happy initially may eventually lead to our downfall. By examining Guy Montag, the protagonist in Fahrenheit 451, and the world he lives in we can gain valuable insights to direct us in our own pursuit of happiness. From Montag and other characters we will learn how physical, emotional, and spiritual happiness can drastically affect our lives. We must ask ourselves what our lives, words, and actions are worth. We should hope that our words are not meaningless, as wind in dried grass (Eliot).History forrader we look into specifics, well examine the history and development of happiness as a philosophy. Of course, the emotion of happiness has always existed, but it began to be seriously contemplated around 2,500 geezerhood ago by philosophers resembling Confucius, Buddha, Socrates and Aristotle. Shortly after Buddha taught his followers his Noble Eight Fold Path (which we will talk about later), Aristotle was teaching that happiness is dependent on the individual (Aristotle). Probably more than any of the early philosophers, Aristotle promoted happiness as a central component of human life. The Greeks used a term, eudaimonia, which is often used as the Greek word for happiness. However, most scholars translate it as human flourishing or well-being of the spirit. Along with eudaimonia, terms like arete, virtue, and phronesis, practical or moral wisdom, are at the core of Greek philosophy. So if you could have asked Aristotle What components or values must a person have in order to live a fulfilling life? He probably would have answered, Virtue, wisdom, and spiritual well-being. Would Aristotle have been pleased with the futuristic world of Fahrenheit 451? Probably not. Certainly, the lack of virtue, learning, and the false sense of happiness would have astonished any of the early philosophers.Physical Happiness

The Pursuit of Happiness in Fahrenheit 451 :: Fahrenheit 451 Essays

Happiness plays an important and necessary role in the lives of people almost the world. In America, enjoyment has been engrained in our national consciousness since Thomas Jefferson penned these famous words in the Declaration of Independence We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all custody are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the by-line of Happiness (Jefferson). Since then, Americans have been engaged in that dally pursuing happiness. The problem however, as Ray Bradbury demonstrates in his novel Fahrenheit 451, is that those things which make us happy initially may eventually lead to our downfall. By examining Guy Montag, the protagonist in Fahrenheit 451, and the world he lives in we can gain valuable insights to direct us in our own pursuit of happiness. From Montag and other characters we will learn how physical, feelingal, and spiritual happiness can drasticall y affect our lives. We must ask ourselves what our lives, words, and actions are worth. We should hope that our words are not meaningless, as wind in dried grass (Eliot).HistoryBefore we look into specifics, well examine the history and development of happiness as a philosophy. Of course, the emotion of happiness has always existed, but it began to be seriously contemplated around 2,500 years ago by philosophers like Confucius, Buddha, Socrates and Aristotle. Shortly after Buddha taught his followers his Noble eighter from Decatur Fold Path (which we will talk about later), Aristotle was teaching that happiness is dependent on the individual (Aristotle). Probably more than any of the early philosophers, Aristotle promoted happiness as a central component of human life. The Greeks used a term, eudaimonia, which is often used as the Greek word for happiness. However, most scholars translate it as human flourishing or well-being of the spirit. Along with eudaimonia, terms like arete, virtue, and phronesis, practical or moral wisdom, are at the warmness of Greek philosophy. So if you could have asked Aristotle What components or values must a person have in order to live a fulfilling life? He probably would have answered, Virtue, wisdom, and spiritual well-being. Would Aristotle have been pleased with the futuristic world of Fahrenheit 451? Probably not. Certainly, the lack of virtue, learning, and the false sense of happiness would have stupefied any of the early philosophers.Physical Happiness

Dna Structure

Associate Program Material DNA Worksheet Answer the following in at to the lowest degree 100 words 1. Describe the structure of DNA. DNA molecules argon composed of dickens strands that form a helical ascending spiral. They fit together analogous the opposing teeth of a zipper and are held together by weak interactions called hydrogen bonds. These two strands is a long string of subunits called nucleotides, each machine-accessible to the one immediately about it and the one immediately below it to form a long chain. Each nucleotide contains a five-carbon sugar.The five-carbon sugar contains a membered ring with an oxygen atom as one of the vertices. Each nucleotide also features a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing base these bases are typically represented by adenine, cytosine, thymine, and guanine. The base is attached to carbon 1 of the sugar, biologist denote each of the carbons in the sugar using a number from 1 through 5, where 1 represents the carbon to which the b ase is attached. 2. How does an organisms genotype determine its phenotype? The genotype of an organism is the sum total of all the genes that it inherits.It is sort of broadred a blue print that is designed to serve as a guide in the development of the organism, so that it will become the same kind of creature as the parent or parents that it came from. The phenotype, the organisms physical trait arises from the actions of a wide variety of proteins. For example structural proteins help th train up the body of an organism, and enzymes catalyze its metabolic activity. A gene does not build a protein directly, but rather dispatched instructions in the form of ribonucleic acid, which in turn programs protein synthesis.The molecular chain of command is from DNA in the nucleus to RNA to protein in the cytoplasm. 3. Describe each stage of the flow of information showtime with DNA and ending with a trait. DNA and RNA are long linear polymers, called nucleic acids that carry informatio n in a form that can be passed from one generation to the next. These macromolecules consist of one large number of linked nucleotides, each composed of a sugar, a phosphate, and a base. Sugar is linked by phosphates from a cat valium backbone, whereas the bases vary among four kinds.Genetic information is stored in the sequence of bases along a nucleic acid chain. The bases from a specific pair with one other that are stabilized by hydrogen bonds. The base pairing results I the formation of a double helix a helix structure consisting of two strands. Genetic information in DNA is transcribed into RNA and then translated into polypeptides. These processes occur through transcription and translation when a segment of DNA is transcribed, the results is an RNA molecule.Transcription is taken placed because the nucleic acid language of DNA has simply been rewritten as a sequence of bases of RNA the language is still that of nucleic acids. The nucleotide bases of the RNA molecules are c omplementary to those on the DNA strand. Translation is the conversion of the nucleic acids language to the polypeptide language. Like nucleic acids polypeptides are polymers, but the monomers that make them up are the 20 amino acids common to all organisms. The genetic instructions for the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide chain are written in DNA and RNA as a series of three-base word codons.Codons are the DNA is transcribed in the RNA, and then the RNA codons are translated into amino acids that form polypeptides. Codons in mRNA are read sequentially by tRNA molecules, which serve as adaptors in protein synthesis. References Berg J. M, Tymoczko, J. L, Stryer, L Bio Chemistry. 5th edition. New York W. H Freeman 2002 Chapter 5, DNA, RNA, and the Flow of Genetic training retrieved from http//www. ncbi. nlm. gov/books/NBK21171 2012 Miller, C. Forms of Genotypes retrieved from http//www. ehow. com/info_8678611_forms-genetics

Marine Corps Mci Answers Math For Marines Essay

Getting Marine Corps Mci Answers Math For Marines PDF Ebook is easy and simple. Mostly you withdraw to spend much time to face on search engine and doesnt get Marine Corps Mci Answers Math For Marines documents that you need. We are here to serve you, so you can easily access, read and download its. No need to wasting time to lookup on another place to get Marine Corps Mci Answers Math For Marines PDF Ebook.We provide you Marine Corps Mci Answers Math For Marines in PDF format so you can read and download its to your computer which this file are safe and virus free. You can read this document with Adobe Acrobat or other PDF Reader.We have massive collection of documents, books, eBook and pdf files including that you are looking Marine Corps Mci Answers Math For Marines PDF Ebook. To access this you just need to signed up and get by its through website to open your limited access for documents that you needs. So what do you waiting for?Read/Download MARINE CORPS MCI ANSWERS MATH FO R MARINES PDF You are also mathematical to search for a book or subject on the digital platform. You can access ebooks on our online library related to the subject, i.e.

Whale Riders Film Analysis

When choosing a film for this assignment, my original choice was Bend It analogous(p) Beckham because I had heard of it and I had a general idea what it was about. I then decided that I wanted to take on a more than challenging film, one that I had never heard of, and one that I would authentically have to study to understand its full meaning. After looking into a few of the listed movies, I ended up choosing Whale Rider, a drama filmed in New Zealand in 2002. After watching the movie twain times, I feel that I now understand some of the more drastic cultural and gender based problems that ar occurring today.The films plot follows the story of Paikea Apirana, however she goes by the name Pai in the film. Pai is a 12-year-old girl who is the only remaining child in the line of the ethnic musics chiefly succession after the death of her correspond brother and mother when she was born. By tradition, the attraction of the community should be the first-born son, or a civilise descendant of Pais family. Yet because there is no direct staminate descendant, Pais grandfather Koro Apirana has to fall upon the next male leader amongst their tribe.Koro is the current leader of the tribe and has to set up a series of tasks that are required to engender the next leader of the tribe. Unfortunately, Pai is female and technically cannot inherit the leadership. Throughout the movie, Pais grandmother Nanny Flowers encourages her to train just as the boys of the tribe do to hopefully convince her grandfather to name her the new leader. One of the final tasks to be named the tribe leader is to retrieve a whales tooth from the sea by riding the back of a whale out to sea, hence the name of the film being Whale Rider.After watching this film, I feel that the director Niki Caro is trying to explore the ways that gender and agency are exemplified in certain cultures around the world. I feel that the main case from this film involves the main character Pai being female and how that limits what she can and cannot do in her tribe. The tribes past history has invariably told them that a male should be leader and that females are to never be in power in any way, shape, or form. When the unfledged boys are training with Koro to hopefully become the next descendent to be leader of the tribe, Pai is still not allowed to take part in the events.I feel that gender issues are as well as largess in the everyday life of mess all around the world, not just in this particular small tribe. It is a proven fact that in America, the average wage of men is higher than the average wage of women. Men also tend to hold higher positions in various labor industries across the country. Gender discrimination has always been a major issue in many societies around the world, yet many feminists groups around the world are slow making the issue diminish. Another aspect of the film that Niki Caro explores is the way the power and control affects the lives of anyone in a given society.In the film, Pais grandfather Koro exerts his power over Pai by informing her that she pull up stakes never be leader of the tribe due to her gender. Throughout the film he continuously tells her that she is the reason that the tribe may be at its final downfall. Even though she did nothing wrong, her being female makes her grandfather feel let down. Koro is in charge of everything that the people of the tribe do on a regular basis. He is the person who makes all of the decisions and controls all events. The presence of his power makes him seem like more of an fright figure who can control the lives of others.This leads to my first concept from our reading that was illustrated in Whale Rider which is Ideology of Patriarchy, or the structural dominance of men that is create into the institutions of society. Whale Rider exemplified the Ideology of Patriarchy perfectly because of how Koro ran his tribe. For generations, this tribe was always told that a man is to be th e leader. When Pai is the only remaining family descendent, Koro becomes aggravated because she is female and will not be able to carry on the tradition of men as leaders.As the movie progresses, you begin to notice that Koro is slowly starting to train the fact that maybe his granddaughter is fit to be a leader of their tribe. This leads to the second concept that I feel was express which is the idea of identification and the extent to which an soul is likely to make a decision that aligns with organizational objectives. When Koro originally has the feeling that Pai is not suitable to be leader, he is under the impression that he has to rule someone outside of the family to take over his role once he passes.He soon realizes that the real thing that he should be focusing on is keeping the leader role in the family. Identification is accomplished by accepting the importance of family and what it means to be true and respecting of those who are closest to you in your life. The theo ry of identification also carries over to idea of the control that Koro has over his tribe. When Koro initially begins scouting young boys around the tribe in order to find his next leader, he set up training and a series of tasks each person needed to succeed with.Koro exerts what is my third concept of concertive control, or when intelligible written rules are replaced by common understanding of values, objectives, and means of achievement, along with a deep appreciation for the organizations mission. During Koros training of the young boys, Pai was secretly training with her uncle who knows all of the ways of fighting and training needed to succeed. When Pai defeats a young student of Koros in a fight, Koro becomes very hand but begins to realize that she may be the most suitable for the leader role.Koro eventually understands that the value of keeping the leadership role in the family is the most valuable objective, even if the descendant is female. This leads to the final co ncept that the film expresses which is the role of gender in society and the different aspects of how gender is accosted in this particular tribe. From our readings, we wise to(p) that gender is socially constructed depending on the societys specific views and morals. In this tribe, females are not able to hold any type of leadership role. We also learned that gender is learned and performed.Typical themes of femininity could be classified as sensitive, caring, beautiful, and in some cases accept negative treatment. Even though Pai had always grown up learning what it meant to be a girl and a woman, she had to learn certain aspect of masculinity in order to become leader of the tribe. She had to learn how to fight, how to train, and how hold a position of power of a group of people. Pai was able to show her family and the people of her tribe that a female can do anything a male can do and do it just as successfully. Whale Rider taught me a lot of different aspects the ways that pe ople treat others in society.I have never agreed with the idea that men can always do things better than women, but this film really pressed that into my mind. I now have a whole new appreciation for feminists and everything that they stand for. Women have the same rights that men do and should be given the same amount of opportunities in life. I feel that Whale Rider was a great film that was able to show the viewers how power and control really affects people. This film was the perfect way to show the world what it really means to stick up for yourself and fight for what you believe in.

Informative Speech Outline on Addiction to Prescription Drugs

Informative Speech Topical Orientation General purpose habituation to prescription(prenominal) medicines Specific purpose To inform my audience about the growing problem of prescription drug abuse, somewhat common drugs that understanding abuse, and their effectuate and some common treatments. Pattern People living in todays society must(prenominal) be aware about the dangers that prescription Drugs end cause them, as well as the muckle around them. Introduction * Attention Is it possible that you or someone you love is addicted to prescription drugs? An estimated 48 gazillion people according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, have used prescription drugs for nonmedical reasons in their lifetime. According to * Credibility It was a big pestilent in my high school and surrounding schools. Ive lost relationships with people close to me due to their prescription drug addiction. * . Drug addiction is growing rapidly end-to-end the united states and its effecting all age ranges. * There needs to be more restrictions placed because people think because the doctor is giving it to them, it is safe to abuse them * .Today im departure to discuss what types of prescription drugs are being abused, how it effects your life and health, and possible ways to overcome the spread of the addiction. * Reason to listen * . Ive come to realize that alas everyone knows someone who is addicted to prescription drugs. * . * Preview * Types of prescription drugs * The harms they cause * Ways to overcome the spread of addiction Body A. . 1 .. The three different classes of prescription drugs a. . opioids- used to treat pain-oxycodone, vicodin, roxicet b. depressants-used to treat anxiety and sleep disorders- Xanax, Valium, Klonopin c. . stimulants- used to treat attention deficit disorders- Adderrall, ritalin 2. .. The harms that prescription drugs cause d. . opioids can cause somnolence constipation and long term could cause severe respiratory depression which is or in highest doses, death. e. .anti depressants as well as anti anxiety they can cause sexual disfunction weight gain fatigue. with the use of these drugs its a chance you can be physically uncoordinated for the first fewer days until you build your tolerance. . .stimulants can cause enhanced brain activity increase and llertness in energy elevated blood pressure increase embrace rate increase respiration and sleep deprivation. Ultimately these three drugs possess the same long term affect when abused high potential drop for physical dependence and addiction. 3. Ways for physiciaisn patients and pharamasists to all play a role in identidying and preventing prescription drug abuse. g. . physicians- ask about any and all drug abuse screening for prescription drug use can be incorporated into routine medical visits.Take note of of rapid increases in the amount of practice of medicine needed. f. patients follow directions and be aware of potential interactions with other drugs. Don t just change your dose without discussing with your doctor first. Never use another persons prescription. variety .. B. . Why is prescription drug addiction on the rise? 1. Why is prescription drug addiction on the rise a. Doctors dont on the button know how many people are addicted to pain medication, but one of the reasons so many people are is the availability. b. Vastly more people have access to these medicines today than 15 or 20 years ago. a. Responding to patients and pain advocacy groups, doctors may have become less restrictive in prescribing opioid pain pills. There has been a surge in prescriptions for opioids over the past decade and the creation of millions of potential drug stashes in medicine cabinets across the country. b. immature drug abuse with opioids is now second only to marijuana in popularity. Almost one in 10 high school seniors report victorious hydrocodone (Vicodin) within the past year.Not by coincidence, many of their parents are taking it too Vi codin and its generic form were the most-prescribed drug of any kind for much of this decade. Transition .. C. . 2 . What are some ways that we can treat these prescribed drug addictions? h. .Some addictions, such as opioid addiction, can be treated with medications. i. . These pharmacological treatments counter the effects of the drug on the brain and behavior, and can be used to relieve withdrawal symptoms, help overcome drug cravings, or treat an overdose. a.Although a behavioural or pharmacological approach alone may be sufficient for treating some patients, research shows that a combined approach may be best. stopping point * Review. * . Types of prescription drugs * .. the harms that prescription drugs can cause * .. ways to overcome the spread of addiction * .. People living in todays society must be aware about the dangers that prescription drugs can cause them, as well as the people around them. * Closure Drug addiction is such a wide spread epidemic and all of the people with potential are losing control of their lives by abusing these drugs.

Most Valuable Things

The offset function valuable to me is God, he gives me the strength to bulge out up everyday and want better, he gives me health, a wonderful life, a blessed mother and family. He also valuable, because he watches everywhere me everyday and makes sure Im ok, he make very unique and I thank him everyday. The second thing valuable to me is my mother. She motivates me to get a education and want to become a better person. She is whiz person that I can rely on to get anything I need and everything I want. The third thing valuable to me is tele mobilise set, I love my phone with all my heart.I dont know why my phone is so elicit but it is I can rely on my phone to tell me the truth, even though some(a)times we have some difficulties we still all good. Candice Wilson 2nd Period May 1, 2011 The first thing valuable to me is God, he gives me the strength to get up everyday and want better, he gives me health, a wonderful life, a blessed mother and family. He also valuable, because he watches over me everyday and makes sure Im ok, he made very unique and I thank him everyday. The second thing valuable to me is my mother.She motivates me to get a education and want to become a better person. She is one person that I can rely on to get anything I need and everything I want. The third thing valuable to me is phone, I love my phone with all my heart. I dont know why my phone is so interesting but it is I can rely on my phone to tell me the truth, even though sometimes we have some difficulties we still all good. The first thing valuable to me is God, he gives me the strength to get up everyday and want better, he gives me health, a wonderful life, a blessed mother and family.He also valuable, because he watches over me everyday and makes sure Im ok, he made very unique and I thank him everyday. The second thing valuable to me is my mother. She motivates me to get a education and want to become a better person. She is one person that I can rely on to get anything I ne ed and everything I want. The third thing valuable to me is phone, I love my phone with all my heart. I dont know why my phone is so interesting but it is I can rely on my phone to tell me the truth, even though sometimes we have some difficulties we still all good.

Deception Point Page 28

Should I consult Sexton? She quickly decided against it. He was in a meeting. Besides, if she told him about this e-mail, shed have to tell him about the others. She decided her informants shooter to meet in public in broad daylight must be to make Gabrielle feel safe. After all, this person had done nothing but help her for the last two weeks. He or she was obviously a friend. narration the e-mail one last time, Gabrielle checked the clock. She had an hour.30The NASA administrator was feeling less edgy now that the meteorite was successfully out of the ice. Everything is falling into place, he told himself as he headed across the dome to the work area of Michael Tolland. Nothing can stop us now.Hows it coming? Ekstrom asked, striding up shag the picture scientist.Tolland glanced up from his computer, expression tired but enthusiastic. Editing is almost done. Im just overlaying some of the extraction footage your people shot. Should be done momentarily.Good. The President had ask ed Ekstrom to upload Tollands documentary to the neat family line as soon as possible.Although Ekstrom had been cynical about the Presidents desire to use Michael Tolland on this project, seeing the rough cuts of Tollands documentary had changed Ekstroms mind. The television stars spirited narrative, combined with his interviews of the civil scientists, had been brilliantly fused into a thrilling and comprehensible fifteen minutes of scientific programming. Tolland had achieved effortlessly what NASA so often failed to do-describe a scientific discovery at the level of the average American intellect without being patronizing.When youre done editing, Ekstrom said, bring the finished product over to the press area. Ill have someone upload a digital copy to the White House.Yes, sir. Tolland went back to work.Ekstrom moved on. When he arrived at the north wall, he was encouraged to find the habispheres press area had come unitedly nicely. A large blue carpet had been rolled out on t he ice. Centered on the rug sat a long symposium table with several(prenominal) microphones, a NASA drape, and an enormous American flag as a backdrop. To complete the visual drama, the meteorite had been transported on a palette sled to its position of honor, directly in front of the symposium table.Ekstrom was pleased to see the mood in the press area was one of celebration. Much of his staff was now crowded around the meteorite, holding their workforce out over its heretofore-warm mass akin campers around a campfire.Ekstrom decided that this was the moment. He walked over to several cardboard boxes sitting on the ice behind the press area. Hed had the boxes flown in from Greenland this morning.Drinks are on me he yelled, handing out cans of beer to his cavorting staff.Hey, boss someone yelled. Thanks Its even coldEkstrom gave a rare smile. Ive been keeping it on ice.Everyone laughed.Wait a minute someone else yelled, scowling good-naturedly at his can. This stuffs Canadian Whe res your patriotism?Were on a budget, here, folks. Cheapest stuff I could find.More laughter. concern shoppers, one of the NASA television crew yelled into a megaphone. Were about to switch to media lighting. You may experience temporary blindness.And no kissing in the dark, someone yelled. This is a family programEkstrom chuckled, enjoying the raillery as his crew made final adjustments to the spotlights and accent lighting.Switching to media lighting in five, four, three, two The domes interior dimmed rapidly as the halogen lamps shut bug out. Within seconds, all the lights were off. An impenetrable darkness engulfed the dome.Someone let out a mock scream.Who pinched my ass? someone yelled, laughing.The blackness lasted notwithstanding a moment before it was pierced by the intense glare of media spotlights. Everyone squinted. The transformation was now complete the north quadrant of the NASA habisphere had become a television studio. The remainder of the dome now looked like a g aping barn at night. The only light in the other sections was the muted reflection of the media lights reflecting off the arched ceiling and throwing long shadows across the now deserted work stations.Ekstrom stepped back into the shadows, gratified to see his team carousing around the illuminated meteorite. He felt like a father at Christmas, watching his kids enjoy themselves around the tree.God knows they deserve it, Ekstrom thought, never suspecting what calamity lay ahead.31The put up was changing.Like a mournful harbinger of impending conflict, the katabatic wind let out a plaintive howl and gusted hard against the Delta Forces shelter. Delta-One finished battening down the storm coverings and went back inside to his two partners. Theyd been through this before. It would soon pass.Delta-Two was staring at the live video feed from the microbot. You better look at this, he said.Delta-One came over. The inside of the habisphere was in total darkness except for the bright lightin g on the north side of the dome near the stage. The remainder of the habisphere appeared only as a dim outline. Its nothing, he said. Theyre just testing their television lighting for tonight.The lightings not the problem. Delta-Two pointed to the dark blob in the middle of the ice-the water-filled hole from which the meteorite had been extracted. Thats the problem.Delta-One looked at the hole. It was still surrounded by pylons, and the surface of the water appeared calm. I dont see anything.Look again. He maneuvered the joystick, spiraling the microbot down toward the surface of the hole.As Delta-One studied the darkened pot of melted water more closely, he saw something that caused him to recoil in shock. What the?Delta-Three came over and looked. He too looked stunned. My God. Is that the extraction pit? Is the water supposed to be doing that?No, Delta-One said. It sure as hell isnt.32Although Rachel Sexton was currently sitting inside a large metal box situated three gram mile s from Washington, D.C., she felt the same pressure as if shed been summoned to the White House. The videophone monitor before her displayed a crystal clear image of President Zach Herney seated in the White House communications room before the presidential seal. The digital audio connection was flawless, and with the exception of an almost imperceptible delay, the man could have been in the succeeding(prenominal) room.Their conversation was upbeat and direct. The President seemed pleased, though not at all surprised, by Rachels favorable assessment of NASAs find and of his choice to use Michael Tollands captivating trope as a spokesman. The Presidents mood was good-natured and jocular.As Im sure you testament agree, Herney said, his voice growing more serious now, in a perfect world, the ramifications of this discovery would be purely scientific in nature. He paused, leaning forward, his face filling the screen. Unfortunately, we dont live in a perfect world, and this NASA trium ph is going to be a political football the moment I announce it.Considering the conclusive proof and who youve recruited for endorsements, I cant imagine how the public or any of your opposition will be able to do anything other than accept this discovery as confirmed fact.Herney gave an almost sad chuckle. My political opponents will believe what they see, Rachel. My concerns are that they wont like what they see.

Macbeth Characterization Graphic Organizer Essay

Use this graphic organizer to collect your gigabyteghts about characterization in Macbeth. As you read each scene, record what you learn about the character. Add the line from the play that supports your idea. peeress MacbethObservationsText SupportLooksShe appears to be a really independent woman.In the video, she walks virtually with her head up high and talks with great confidence.ActionsDemandingAnd that which rather thou dost fear to doThan wishest should be undoneAnd that which rather thou dost fear to do Than wishest should be undoneand that which rather thou dost fear to do than wishest should be undone SpeechStrongShe thinks she needs to get her way with everything. She asks the hard drink to fill her head to toe with cruelty, making her less like a woman and more like a man who can commit an aversion deed) ThoughtsSuspiciousThe raven (a bird that represents death) himself is hoarse. The raven was right behind Macbeth InteractionsSeductiveWhen she is talking to Macbeth in the video, she touches him and uses her words strong, that softly.MacbethObservationsText SupportLooksTimidWhen Lady Macbeth is talking to him, she keeps walking around him andtouching him. He looks nervous or afraid. ActionsQuietHe doesnt say or do much around Lady Macbeth. I think he is just trying to keep her happy, so that things dont escalate. My love love, Duncan comes her tonight. And when goes hence? To-morrow, as he purposes.My dearest love, Duncan comes here tonight.LADY MACBETH.And when goes hence(When does he leave)?MACBETH.To-morrow,as he purposesSpeechPoliteI know that approximately men were polite to their women back in this times, but he calls Lady Macbeth My dearest love. It just goes to show he truly values her and wants her to know he cares. ThoughtsConfusedHes not on the nose sure what the witches meant when they were talking to him InteractionsSimpleHe keeps his conversations with Lady Macbeth short and sweet. He doesnt try to upset her in any way. He lets her do most of the talking and intimidating.

Essay Writing Help -Tourist Destinations

AbstractThe first atom of the paper discusses the corporeal, cultural and social features that distinguish journeyist destinations. The second part distinguishes between two ontogeny and developed tourist destinations. The last section discusses the impact of climate change and the increased interest in sustainability for a tourist destination.Cultural, Social and visible Features DistinguishingTourist DestinationsRodriguez-Santos et al. (2013) maintain that the ability of destinations to attract tourists depends on the available features of interest. much(prenominal) features include the cultural, social and corporal characteristics of a place. They play a central role in influencing tourists perceptions regarding the destinations. The take of appeal of the destinations may also depend on the pre-conceived ideas and interests of tourists. For instance, human beings withstand psychological representation of ingenuousness around them (Rodriguez-Santos et al. 2013). In other words, regardless of the true image of a particular destination, people may develop opposite opinions about the place. The psychological representations differ from one individual to some other. Once the cultural, social and physical features sop up been experienced by many people, it may lose value. People share their cultural experiences through with(predicate) documentaries, journals and books. In other words, people always seek new destinations that have not been flooded by other tourists (Hudman & Jackson 2003). Cultural studies focus on how handed-down communities lie in different places. The traditional communities have diverse customs, art, music, diets, religious beliefs, architectural designs and history. Cultural features may also include diachronic cities that have facilities much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as museums and theatres (Hudman & Jackson 2003). The cultural features influence how people live in such different parts of the continent. People a re attracted to different cultures because they want to develop first-hand experiences to satisfy their cultural curiosities. For instance, tourists clack Caribbean countries such as Bahamas and Cuba to experience their typical diet. The social features that distinguish miscellaneous places may include festivals, rituals, values, lifestyle and modality of worship. The uniqueness of the social practices attracts people who would like to develop authentic experiences of the features (Hudman & Jackson 2003). The physical features that distinguish dissimilar places include mountains, valleys, water bodies, wildlife environmental conditions and beaches (Hudman & Jackson 2003). The physical features may be natural or manmade. The aspects of the physical features vary from one place to another. For instance, during winter oceansons in European countries, nearly(prenominal) people travel to places such as Kenya and Tanzania to experience their strugglem climate and sandy beaches. Pe ople visit Dubai to experience their architectural designs. A Comparison of the Physical, Cultural and Social Features of Two Developing and Two Developed Major Tourist DestinationsKenya (Developing) Tanzania (Developing) England (Developed) Greece (Developed)Physical Features Malindi has extensive coral reefs and sandy beaches. The country also contains a part of the second largest freshwater lake in the institution lake Victoria. Mount Kenya is the second highest in Africa. Samburu national reserve attracts much wildlife because of river Ewaso Nyiro. Lamu Island is Kenyas sceneries that have pleasing landscapes. It also provides a native feeling because it has not been modified in any way since independence. The most famous physical feature in Tanzania is Mount Kilimanjaro. It is the highest mountain in Africa. The country also has various sandy beaches along the coastal areas. It has national parks such as Arusha and Katavi that host different species of wildlife. The locality also has most rare wildlife species such as the black rhinos. The country has old buildings with ancient architectural designs such as the Stone Town in Zanzibar. England has a variety of preserved architectural designs such as Warwick Castle. The country also contains various amusement and theme parks such as fun beach black pool, Alton towers and Thorpe park among others. It has aquariums such as the blue planet aquarium and national sea life centre. Archeological sites and cities such as Thera, Acropolis of Rhodes, Acropolis of Lindos, Athens and Argos. The country also contains almost geographical sceneries such as Samaria Gorge and mount Athos.Cultural featuresThe 42 ethnic groups in Kenya make it a encompassing resource for cultural studies. Each tribe has cultural practices that are unique. For instance, the Maasai community provides attraction because of the way they have preserved their culture in the midst of graciousization brought by technology and industrialization . The unique combination of historic and cultural factors has influenced the people to develop viridity ideas regarding pride and cohesion. The development of common ideas has helped the country to remain peace-loving for a long time while other countries such as Uganda engage in civil wars. The theme of nationalism has been achieved because of the fact that the different ethnic groups in the country have a common language and similar cultural practices. England attracts tourists because it has various ancient evidences of cultural histories. Such evidences are contained in historic houses, museums and gardens among others. Part of their heritage is manifested in the way they preserve temperament. The people of Greece have rich ancient histories regarding war and their way of life. The most outstanding aspect of this feature exists in the way they have managed to preserve some intimate aspects of their history through artifacts and museums.Social FeaturesThe diversity in the ethn ic groups also provides a rove of social features that attract tourists. The country has 42 different languages, various religions. There are distinct practices or manner of worship within religions. For instance, within Christianity, there are the Legio Maria from Luo community and Akorino from the Kikuyu community. The most outstanding social feature of Tanzania is the Swahili language. Most scholars maintain that the people from the region speak the original cultivate of the language. They also have a distinctive type of music. The region is dominated by the Christian and Islamic religions. The country has one of the largest street festivals in the world the Notting hill festival. It also has one of the largest Latin-America festivals in the world Carnaval del Pueblo. The Athens Festival is one of the largest in the world. It has a history that extends to more than 50 years. The festival has distinctive music, theatre and dance style.Cohen classified tourists into four categor ies depending on their characteristics. The categories include the organized loudness tourist, the individual batch tourist, the explorer and drifter (Woodside & Martin 2008). The organized potty tourists are the least audacious. They harbor simple needs and buy the farm a lot of time in fixed locations. The individual mass tourists may use facilities provided by the tour companies. Explorers arrange their trips and accommodation. They may live within the communities as an integration strategy (Woodside & Martin 2008). Drifters tend to secernate with the host communities by engaging in income generating activities. Greece is known for her archeological sites and attractive landscape. Most of the people who visit archeological sites are explorers. They have independent transport system and move from one site to another (Sharma 2005). Greece has several archeological sites. The individual mass tourists focus on experiencing the landscape of most regions within Greece. They desir e upon tour guides to help them navigate places (Sharma 2005). The key characteristics in Kenya that attract tourism are the diversity in wildlife species, cultural diversity and constantly warm climate. Based on Cohens classification of tourists, the organized mass tourists visit most parts of the coastal regions with the sole purpose of enjoying the warm climate and life at the beach of Malindi (Sharma 2005). The people who visit the national and game reserves fall under the individual mass tourists. They seek to experience the diverse wildlife species in different national and game parks. They rely on tour guides for facilities and operate from particular places such as hotels (Sharma 2005). The group that is attracted by the diverse cultural practices in Kenya is explorers. They live and bond with the community members (Sharma 2005). Most of them are scholars who seek to make documentaries of such communities.Impact of Climate channelize and the Increased Interest in Sustainabi lity for a Tourist DestinationGossling et al. (2012) maintain that climate change affects the demands of tourists. The nature of the demands is influenced by the response of tourists regarding the mitigation plans. A change in climate conditions ruins the sign plans of tourists. The mitigation plans impacts on transportation systems, destinations and economic development of societies (Gossling et al. 2012). Most tourists have back-up plans that they use to substitute time, destinations and the nature of holidays in cases that see drastic climate changes. The climate condition of a particular destination is one of the factors that motivate a tourists choice of the place. In other words, climate changes compel tourists to resort to change their initial plans for more favorable regions. The change of plans affects the sustainability of tourism of a particular region (Gossling et al. 2012).ReferencesGossling, S., Scott, D., Hall, M. C., & Dubois, G 2012. Consumer Behaviour and acquir e Response af Tourists to Climate Change, Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 36-58. Hudman, L. E., & Jackson, R. H. (2003). Geography of travel & tourism. Clifton Park, NY, Thomson/Delmar Learning. Rodriguez-santos, M.C., Gonzalez-fernandez, A.,M. & Cervantes-blanco, M 2013. Weak cognitive image of cultural tourism destinations, Quality and Quantity, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 881-895. Sharma, K. K. (2005). Tourism and development. New Delhi, Sarup & Sons. Woodside, A. G., & Martin, D. (2008). Tourism management analysis, demeanor and strategy. Wallingford, UK, CABI Pub.

The American Health Care System is Most Expensive but not the Best in the World

No doubt, the United States has gained enough attention on the amount it strike downs on wellness pity every year. Ten years ago, it was documented that the States spends $4,178 per capita per year on health care (Chua 5) with the stake greatest spender spending almost just half of what this country spends. Switzerland, which then held second place in health care spending, spent only $2,794 per capita per year on health care. Up to the present, 15% of this countrys GDP goes to health care piece of music most of developed countries spend only an average of 8.6% of their GDP on health care (Chua 5). By furthermost, the United States is the greatest health care spender among the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. In malice of the whopping amount that goes to health care each year, it could be argued that Americans spend a lot on health care without providing the take up possible health services to Americans. This is the position that shall b e defended in this paper. To be able to show that the American Health Care ashes lags behind in spite of spending, it will be surpass to showtime establish certain standards.For this paper, the standard set by the World Health Organization (WHO) should be used. In 2001, WHO pegged the goals of world health care into three good health, responsiveness, and fairness in pay (WHO in berth of Labor Education of the University of Maine 1). By good health, WHO simply refers to having desirable health for the citizens within the expected life-time cycle. This would mean the useability of health services that could aid the citizens croak a flourishing life from stemma until death.Responsiveness, on the other hand, refers to the extent to which caregivers are responsive to the client/patient expectations with regard to non-health areas such as being treated with dignity and respect (Bureau of Labor and Education o the University of Maine 6). Fairness in financing refers to a health ca re system that makes the less privilege also spend less. This means credibly having payment caps or similar services that relieves the less privileged of health expenses. Given such, we could now tincture at how the American Health Care System measures up to such a standard.In spite of Americas big spending on health care, more than 50% of spending is still make by esoteric entities 35. 8% are paid for by private insurance (American hospital connector 6). Consumers out-of-pocket spending on health care account for 13. 7% of the 2003 health care expenditure, while other private expenditure account for 4. 8% of the expenditure (American Hospital Association 6). In spite of the very large per capita spending of the state on health care, out-of-pocket spending and other private expenditure are still big.This probably may non be a very adult thing, hardly in spite of all the money going to health care, a large 15% of non- senior adults do not control access to health care since this population is uninsured (Chua 1). Converted to numbers, this amounts of millions of non-elderly American adults who through or so reason were unable to get either a publicly or in camera funded insurance. This puts this population at risk, millions of potentially or actually productive Americans whose health is at risk because of some faulty health care system.If millions of non-elderly adults are at a health risk due to overleap of access to health care, the elderly also have their own share of problems in health care. It is aline that the elderly aged 65 and above have access to Medicare. This means that the seniors have access to infirmary services, physician services, as well as prescription drug services (Chua 2). This sounds all good tho there are geriatric needs that are not covered by Medicare. This forces the elderly to avail of premiums that would make their Medicare account more useful for geriatric needs.The premium account would make the senior citizen have ac cess to nursing facilities preventive care coverage and coverage for dental, hearing, or vision care. As such, the elderly would have to spend a total of 22% of their income for the cost of health care (Chua 2). It could be sight that the premium account covers services that should be basic for the elderly. These services may be optional for jr. populations but these become real needs for people aged 65 and above.As such, it becomes a source of delight in why an insurance card that is designed for the elderly and the disabled requires an account upgrade for services comparable nursing facilities, dental, hearing, and vision care. The United States ranks poorly in infant mortality rate compared to other OECD countries it class-conscious 26th in infant mortality rate among the industrialized countries (Bureau of Labor Education in the University of Maine 5). This speaks of a big problem somewhere in the health care system that fails to save infants in instances that ought to be cu rable.America also ranked 24th among the OECD countries on disability-adjusted life expectancy rate. This means that many Americans are expecting to live a part of their lives as disabled. This should not come as a surprise since millions of Americans do not have good access to health care. Given the above reasons, America spends too much but inefficiently. We may have the biggest spending rate on health care but America is far from being the best health care service provider in the world. Works Cited American Hospital Association. 2005.Overview of the US health care system. Database online. http//www. aha. org/aha/issues/CBHCS/index. html. Bureau of Labor Education of the University of Maine. 2001. The US healthcare system best in the world or just most expensive? Chua, Kao-Ping. 2006. Overview of the US Health Care System under the AMSA Jack Routledge Fellowship. http//www. amsa. org/uhc/CaseForUHC. ppt. 2007. Health Care in the United States. http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/He alth_care_in_the_United_States.

Policing Paper Essay

There be m any different salmagundis of technology used in policing in today society. This technology is very important when it comes to policing and being able to do their business organisations proficiently. Some of the technology they use is database and information technology, computer-aid exonerate, records concern systems, and vigorous computing. totally of these forms of technology play a vital role in policing. Without these forms of technology being available to police there could be a higher crime regulate, a higher wait time between c all in alls, more than deaths or injuries, and so much more. The technology that is available is set in place to keep things running smoothly and gibe that calls get answered in a timely manner. With the technology that we atomic number 18 gaining in the policing field I consider that we have advanced so much and will continue to do so.Database technology is a database that has a large amount of information in it. This informatio n includes names, dates, crimes that people have committed, violations, high crime rate aras, and so much more. This information is collect from many different areas and stored in a database. They have all of this information in one place to pay it easier to research people or areas of interest. This information is gathered from the departments criminal history records system, the gang units intelligence system, and the states department of motor vehicles. The computer-aid dispatch is a method that manages calls for service from the public. The computer-aid dispatch uses the computer to communicate with ships incumbents. They are able to receive information on a call and have it on the computer in front of them so they do non get confused or forget any information. The computer-aid dispatch sends the officer the information and location that is in need of services.It also prioritizes the needs of services so that the officer gets to the most important cases first. Another grea t thing about the computer-aid dispatch is that the officer needs to modify their status on the computer after they are done at a call. If their status is not updated after a certain amount of time then the computer-aid dispatch automatically sends another officer out to check on the safety of the initial officer. This computer-aid dispatch is a great tool for policing agents to use. The records management system is used to input and organize information from different types of reports into one easy-to-use format. This program helps officers with the process of paper drub, and all the information is on the computer. It delays that the officer does not forget to gather information be mother it has prompts for the officer to ensure they get all of the necessary information for the reports. The records management system allows officers to access all information such(prenominal) as crime reports, field interview contacts, traffic citations, booking reports, criminal history reports, and investigation reports.All of this information is in one place so that the officer fuel find the information easier to make their job easier and more efficient. Mobile computing is the main source that officers input and receive their information for calls and to smelling up information. This is probably the most vital piece of technology. The officer uses their mobile computer to look up information and input information. It makes their jobs easier and the amount of information that is available to them is very helpful when out on calls. The mobile computers that the officers use have access to the computer-aid dispatch and the records management systems at any time or any place. This is a vital tool when policing and doing their job efficiently. There are many types of weapons used in policing.They are not all fatal weapons some of them are less-than lethal. These weapons are used in todays society to prevent the use of lethal weapons. The police will try to resolve the crim e with these less-than lethal weapons before having to use lethal force, unless the situation calls for lethal force. These weapons include low-velocity rounds which are rubber bullets, wax bullets, or beanbags. These forms of low-velocity rounds are made to stun the criminal. It is not made to hurt them although sometimes this form of weapon does cause bruising or possibly a broken bone depending on the severity of impact. Another form of less-than lethal weapons is sedative darts. Sedative darts are weapons that use a winged hypodermic chevy to deliver a potent dose of fast-acting sedatives into a mistrusts bloodstream.The effectiveness depends on the pinnacle and weight of the suspect. There is also a chemical weapon. These are things such as pepper spray, pick off gas, and other exotic compounds. This form is less often used unless necessary because of the outcomes. This form cant be contained once used. It also can leak to innocent bystanders. The last weapon is electroshoc k weapons. This is basically a Taser. A Taser is a weapon that sends 50,000 volts that run through small wires that are attached to needles that can penetrate a suspect up to 25 feet away. The voltage causes involuntary muscle spasms. The Taser has an overall not bad(predicate) safety record but has also caused some serious injuries including death.These less-than lethal weapons are used more and more in todays society. The police are trying to not have to be so lethal in their actions. There are other ways to contain a suspect rather than use lethal force. Officers are now trying these weapons first and if they do not work or the situation calls for more of a lethal weapon choice then they will recede to that. It is good that they have different options depending on the situation. There are many dangers that come with policing.It is not the safest job out there by far. Some of these dangers include but are not limited to accidents season patrolling, murders, homicides, domestic situations, or robberies. Police deal with criminals on a daily basis. It is hard to tell what these criminals and suspects are going to do. This makes the job very dangerous. The only way that police organizations can address the dangers is to ensure that they are properly trained and follow protocol when doing their jobs. There is extensive training associated with policing. Their safety from the dangers is one conclude that the training is so extensive.ReferencesGrant, H. B., & Terry, K. J. (2008). Law enforcement in the 21st century (2nd ed). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson/ assimilator Hall. Ury, A. (2009, July 08). Everest. Retrieved from http//news.everest.edu/post/2009/07/police-have-non-lethal-weapons Walker, S., & Katz, C. M. (2011). The police in America An introduction (7th ed.). New York, NY McGraw-Hill.

David Lynch as a Cult Auter

David kill as a Cult Auteur David lynch has long been kn give for his abstract, surrealist, passing ambiguous, and often confusing celluloids. Since his first film, the gonzo and depressing Eraserhead, Lynch has become synonymous with the word baffled. He has been responsible for heady acid trips much(prenominal)(prenominal) as Lost High mien, Mulholland Drive, and Inland Empire. He has created a bizarre examination of sex and violence in Blue Velvet and a quiet, emotional character study in The Elephant Man.Lynch has always been the artsy type throughout high school, he was a keen painter, with a very abstract style, and later leaving school, he studied painting at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston in 1964. However, he left after hardly a year, stating that I was not inspired AT ALL in that place. He then(prenominal) proceeded to travel around Europe to study the works of Austrian expressionist painter Oskar Kokoschka. He re cancelled to America, however, after only 15 days. He then studied Fine Arts at the Pennsylvania academy of Fine Arts in Philadelphia, before moving to Los Angeles in 1971 to study filmmaking at the AFI Conservatory.It was at this beat that Lynch began winning grants in order to fund his films, including one for $10,000 which he received from AFI in 1970 to give birth his debut sign-length film, Eraserhead. Over his lengthy c argoner, Lynch has been nominated for foursome Oscars, but has yet to win. Four of his films give up been nominated for the Palme dOr at the Cannes film festival 1990? s Wild At cheek won the prestigious award, and Lynch also won Best Director at the festival for his 2001 film Mulholland Drive. Lynch, like many other burgeoning directors, started his audio visual career making short films.From 1966-1974, he created four of film historys arguably just about memorable shorts, leading up to his breakout, oft-critiqued feature, Eraserhead (1977). His style is delimit by the dark, the grotesquely physical, and the straight out bizarre. Many of his shorts included animation of his paintings. Sound and music for films was also of utmost importance to the paranoia-filled atmosphere of his works. The dark and the bizarre were aspects he would carry over to his video recording show, Twin Peaks, which aired for two seasons in 1990 and 1991.Lynch is valuable because he explodes conventions, both cinematic and psychological, but its not enough for him to be as strange as possibleeven an approach ground on throwing off the fetters of the conventional and the logical demands a kind of discipline. The trick is to exclusivelyow ones imagination free play, but to be able to recognize what is genuinely strange and unsettling, rather than but bizarre, to distinguish between the rare specimens youve unearthed from the darkness of the ocean floor and the seaweed clinging to you when you emerge from the water.Its a alone unscientific process, and one that cant be forced, so in a sense its achieve ment enough that Lynch has remained devoted to exploring his own subconscious, however in(predicate) hes been in conveying his findings to the screen. Leading film critics Le Blanc and Odell state that Lynchs films are so jammed with motifs, recurrent characters, images, compositions and techniques that you could view his entire output as one large jigsaw puzzle of ideas. nonpareil of the key radicals that they noted was the usage of dreams and dreamlike imagery within his works, something they related to the surrealist ethos of relying on the subconscious to yield visual drive. This can be seen in John Merricks dream of his mother in The Elephant Man, federal agent Coopers dreams of the red room in Twin Peaks and the dreamlike logic of the narrative piece in Eraserhead, Mulholland Drive and Inland Empire. Another defining pattern of Lynchs films is that he tends to feature his leading female actors in multiple or split roles, so that many of his female characters cast off multiple, fractured identities.This practice began with his choice to cast Sheryl Lee as both Laura Palmer and her cousin M cast upy Ferguson in Twin Peaks and act in his later works. In Lost Highway, Patricia Arquette plays the dual role of Renee Madison/Alice Wakefield, while in Mulholland Drive, Naomi Watts plays Diane Selwyn/Betty Elms and Laura Harring plays Camilla Rhodes/Rita and in Inland Empire, Laura Dern plays Nikki Grace/Susan Blue. By contrast, Lynch rarely creates multi-character roles for his male actors.In a short film titled How to Make a David Lynch Film a group of young film makers explored just that. In the short, the group high weakly a number of definitive features found in Lynchs films. They computer address that the people who like David Lynch do so because he is the master of mood, or because hes solely about atmosphere and that the artsier the fan you speak to, the more(prenominal) they pretend to understand Lynchs nonexistent plots. Other Lynchian tra its mentioned in the short include * Unneeded tension brought about by melodramatic pauses between dialogue * at that place must be ominous ounds or music in each scene to create a mysterious atmosphere * There must always be a character that goes by the name of Mr. , followed by a common first name (eg. Mr. Jimmy) * When in doubt, add close ups of eyes and lips * Phone c every last(predicate)s to add suspense * Halfway through the film, change the actor/actress play the lead character * In between scenes always fade in and out of black * There should be nudity for no apparent reason * Random shots of out of focus political campaign * divide of kissing * Painted fingernails * Lesbian lamb scenes At least one sex scene, often overexposed * Infantilism (eg. Dennis grasshopper as Frank Booth in Blue Velvet) * Use of black and white * Abrupt endings and well-off ends Lynch is an established auteur in fact, not only does he write his screenplays, but he has been knotty with ever y take of his films production at one point or another sound institution, editing, tv camera work, lighting, casting, special effects, music, etc. His hands-on approach to every aspect of his films has helped to tie them all together with a common thread.Lynch has sufficient strength of identity within his work and peculiarity of world view to absolve his position as auteur, and David Foster Wallace, in his Premiere article for Lost Highway, said Whether you conceive hes a broad(a) auteur or a bad one, his career makes it clear that he is indeed, in the literal Cahiers du Cinema sense, an auteur, voluntary to make the sorts of sacrifices for creative control that real auteurs score to make choices that indicate either raging vanity or passionate dedication or a childlike desire to run the sandbox, or all three. As Orson Welles said, Cinema is the work of a single man, the director. Lynchs films, good or bad, successful or not, have been the work of a film-maker in control of his medium, aware of his position as auteur and automatic to assert it within his texts. Many of Lynchs works have developed a rage hobby over the years. Of note are Eraserhead, Blue Velvet and Mulholland Drive.There are also many in the Lynchian religious cult who are not film specific. That is, they are fans and followers of David Lynch himself-importance, and are intrigued by all things Lynchian. The major reason that Lynchs films stand the test of time is due to their very temper because his innovative style is so surreal and cryptic, a selection of viewers are compelled to delve that into understanding his films.Thats the beauty of Lynch his films deeply intrigue his audiences, igniting a thirst in the niche, cult followers to decipher meaning in films where others see none. In most cases, a director cannot really foresee whether or not a film will develop a cult following over time. However, a further urge to make sense of his works is almost inherent of Lynchs style, and some may wall that Lynch has constructed his films with the intention of being labelled by corporation as weird, or strange.It almost gives his loyal followers an excuse to be self righteous of their involvement in the cult community Hey look at me, I study Lynchian films, arent I cultured? It can give them a sense of intellectual snobbery. Lynchs most recent feature, Mulholland Drive was initially scripted and filmed as a television pilot, however, the project was turned down by several networks, and so, after some deliberation, Lynch decided to finish the text as a feature film.As a pilot, the story didnt have a proper ending, and it took Lynch kinda some time to formulate an ending for the film however he says that it all came to him one night when he sat down on a chair and closed his eyes. In Mulholland Drive, Lynch dwells upon the theme of duality of identity, set in the world of Hollywood. After the failure of both her pic career and her love affair, the main prot agonist, Diane, imagines a fantasy of her as another character named Betty, by recreating her ruined career and failed family relationship with the woman she loves.To further expand on his main themes of identity, fantasy and reality, duality of things and Hollywood, Lynch uses contrasted filming techniques for each of the parts of the movie, creating a visual dichotomy between Dianes fantasy (where everything is embellished in a way, highly illuminated, colourful and visually striking) and reality (which is almost completely dark and uses very little lighting, making it bet quite surreal), thus blurring the edges between the two. In her fantasy, Diane loses her identity, as her dream presents another aspect of herself. One ight argue that this fantasy is actually Dianes attempt at self-identification, but it is also another representation of her own personality. In the end, Diane must understand that she is comprised of, and capable of, both light and dark, good and evil, naivete and deep mystery. Therefore, she cannot outflow or ignore the darker parts of herself her failure, her hatred, her jealousy. Lynch has explained duality in his films in this way You must have the contrasts. Films should have power. The power of good and the power of darkness, so you can get some thrills and shake things up a bit.If you back off from that stuff, youre shooting right down into lukewarm junk. You have to believe things so much that you make them honest. In other words, he argues that in order for films to be strong and powerful, they need to present both sides of a coin, an unrestricted view of life with all of its light and all of its darkness. However, according to him, at that place is no need to fear the darker side because it is a part of all of us Fear is based on not seeing the whole thing and, if you could get there and see the whole thing, fear is out the window.Hence he argues that once we come to terms with these darker things and aim them as a natural contrast in all of us, rather than try to hide and sidestep them, we will be able to face and understand them. In an interview with The Denver Post during the firing off of Mulholland Drive, Lynch says we know that when were walking around we see the surface of things, but sometimes we sense something more, sometimes what we sense approaches a kind of dreamlike state.Those feelings take on a life of their own they are just as real as anything else. This echoes Bretons lecture that these often dichotomous forces of inner and outside reality are the one and the same thing. However, Lynch does make note that we do approach these assorted layers of reality in different ways We have waking, sleeping and dreamingfor most people thats what we galvanic pile with. So all of them are real, though the brain functions in a different way for each. The final examination movement of Mulholland Drive asks its viewers to reinterpret the first 100 minutes of screen time as now being a univers e fabricated in the consciousness of small-time, failed-actor Diane Selwyn, who lies dying (or dead) somewhere in a run-down apartment in Hollywood. Linking the narrative material of the films final movement to the material that preceded it becomes critical in terms of how one understands the workings of the film. Of course, crucial as it may be to connect narrative information to the films internal structures, it is not this alone that makes Mulholland Drive such a unique experience.As in much of Lynchs other work, the film asks its viewers to take in to every aspect of its construction, from colour schemes to camera movement, from music and sound to performance, from lighting to editing patterns, from set design to costume and make-up. In short, every element of the films construction can be a container of possible meaning. Because of this, most viewers miss much of the films meaning, and walk out of the menage complaining that it made no sense. Others, however, may pick up on c ertain symbols or motifs, and are intrigued to decipher their meaning after viewing.Whats especially interesting in Lynchs films is the way the entire mise-en-scene is presented as meaningful and significant. The hierarchy of significance that we associate with most movies, where some things are to be attended to more than others, is abandoned. We can never tell while watching a scene at least the first time around what its most significant features are. Its possible that a patently minor detail will turn out be of critical importance. Everything is presented on the same level of significance.Over the years, Mulholland Drive has developed a cult following in a niche audience, and many of its solemn followers are continuously attempting to decipher elements of the film. The web berth mulholland-drive. net is an extensive database of information regarding the film, where the films loyal followers can discuss the film and share their understanding of certain elements of the movie. Since all of the posts on the site are by members of the niche audience, it gives everyone a chance to see what other people thought of the movie and their analysis of its meaning.The website epitomises the commitment of members of a films cult following. To conclude, it is fair to say that David Lynch has well established himself in society as a cult auteur to be reckoned with. His abstract style often leaves his viewers with more questions than answers, and for some viewers, a desire to learn more. It is this factor that has essentially led to Lynchs hoity-toity cult status. His followers are intrigued by his ambiguity. Although his time as a director will inescapably come to an end, the legacy of his films will last forever through their cult status. - 1 . Lynch and Rodley, 2005, p. 33 2 . David Lynch. (2013, March 16). InWikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia 3 . Le Blanc and Odell, 2000, p. 08 4 . Lynch and Rodley, 2005, p. 148 5 . Cook, 1986 6 . David Lynch On Mulholland Dri ve, DVD Extra 7 . Lynch and Rodley, 2005, p. 150 8 . Lynch and Rodley, 2005, p. 244 9 . Lynch composes cerebral symphony, Rosen, 2001 10 . Breton, ed. Fotiade 2000, p. 04

Free Will And Determinism Essay

The concept of foreswear depart plays an classic part in our apportioning blame or praise, and our holding persons mor every(prenominal)y trusty for their behavior and goions. In the philosophical work devoted to surplus pull up stakes there is no grim definition of this concept scarce it is widely debated to be a condition necessary for moral responsibility. Proponents of determinism, libertarianism, and compatibilism exempt the importance of forego will in their theories each in their particular way (Compatibilism Lecture Notes on Free Will and Determinism).SilenusSilenus, the central hero of Stephen Robinetts The Satyr account, bath be regarded as a staunch pleader of philosophical hard determinism. Like a true determinist, Silenus, a satyr, does non believe he is obligated for his actions and behavior be catch he is the creation of a nonher person, namely Hench. He explains his enormous bear on in ladies as well as his promiscuous behavior by the fact that Hench gave him the supernumerary Y-chromo virtually which became a major determinant of his behavior (Robinett).According to the satyr, only homophile beings can be held obligated for what they do. As Silenus does not consider himself a homosexual being on the one hand, and as he was created by Hench on the other hand, it is the latter that Silenus believes is obligated for him and for anything he does. Silenus maintains that he does not know exactly why he does things and that it is Hench who made him like this, and thus it is Hench who should be held accountable for the way Silenus is and behaves (Robinett). However, nowhere in the invoice does Silenus give any give notice explanation why he believes this. All in all, it is obvious that he does not cargon to the highest degree responsibility at all, hardly considers it a useful, although peculiar, notion, which he often uses to conjure up to Henchs sense of responsibility in order to influence his decisions in his favor.Sile nus desires and inclinations be caused by factors and circle which argon outside his domination and for which, therefore, he should not be held responsible. All he seems to be enkindle in is having sex with ladies and taking a drop every now and because. As we know it from the story, his manage for ladies is caused by the extra Y-chromo virtually that Hench gave him. We can excessively assume that his dis fix to alcohol has something to do with the material he was synthesized from, too.From Silenus deterministic perspective, it follows that he is not accountable for his decisions and actions as they ar not free but are the result of his desires over which he has no control and which he is not able to resist. Libertarians would suggest that Silenus actions are actually free, depend on his reason and volition, and are not pre persistent by any factors much(prenominal) as the extra Y-chromosome. From the compatibilistic perspective, Silenus desires are caused by the above men tioned factors but as he is still free to subscribe in many situations then he should be held responsible for his actions.There is plenty of certainty in the story that Silenus is able to control his behavior. For example, at Mertons offices Silenus became interested in the receptionist, a bird-legged girl, who made him knowledgeablely excited. When she left him after several awkward attempts to have sex with her, Silenus at first of all intended to chase her but then decided to let her go (Robinett). Given the influence of the extra Y-chromosome, the receptionists body must have clouded Silenus mind. However, he was able to control his strong sexual desires at that moment because Hench could hear her screams and come to punish him.Another good example of Silenus ability to control his behavior can be seen during the meeting with Merton. Silenus was constantly interrupting Hench while the latter was talking to Merton. When Hench got angry, he told Silenus to be silent or he wou ld punish him by and by by not feeding him properly. Although Silenus was eager to progress as a disobedient and unreliable creature, he stopped immediately misbehaving himself and annoying Hench because he did involve to eat that night.One more example is a clash between Hench and Silenus which broke out when they came pedestal after the appointment with Merton. When Hench slapped Silenus, the satyr felt like grabbing and throwing his creator across the room. unless Silenus managed to control his choler because he realized that if he hit Hench he would never convince him not to sell him into bondage (Robinett). All these examples show that Silenus can, if he wishes to, control his behavior.The above mentioned examples of Silenus abilities to control his especially violent or un satisfying behavior also show that Silenus is able to draw causal inferences in this story. In these situations he demonstrates his awareness of the possible consequences of his actions (which coul d be disastrous for him) and decides to avoid them. It follows that in most shells Silenus behaves well or does not do unacceptable actions not out of a sense of deep lowstanding of the consequences of such behavior and, what is especially important, responsibility for his actions, but only because he tries to feed punishment. In many other cases (for example, when he strained Audrey to have sex with him), his unacceptable behavior can be explained by the fact that Silenus, as a rational being (and he proves several times in the story that he is indeed a rational being) must realize his moral responsibility for his actions, but also understands that he is likely to escape punishment for them.As a rational being, Silenus is fully capable of drawing causal inferences of his behavior, but his acceptable or unacceptable behavior depends on whether he is likely to be punished for it or baffle certain inconveniences because of it and not on his sense of moral responsibility for his a ctions. In every situation Silenus has the superior whether to follow his inclinations and behave in an unacceptable way or whether to postpone the satisfaction of his desires to a later time. As we can see, in some cases Silenus postpones his aspirations to do certain things, but in other situations he prefers to misbehave himself rather than control himself. So in most cases it would be incorrect to conclude that Silenus could not do other than he did.Silenus is in fact a drunk who avoids responsibility for his drinking habits. But the question of Silenus being a drunk should not be restricted only to this vice. He is also fond of having sex and likes being fed well. It would be fairer to describe Silenus as a person who has some bad habits and preferences (like most globe have) and tends to satisfy some of his vicious needs and inclinations but who does not want to be held responsible for his actions. For Silenus, it seems easier to enjoy life and satisfy his desires than to control them and be responsible for his actions.Silenus holds clear deterministic views on the extent of his moral responsibility for his actions. Determinists believe that human behavior, decisions, and actions are determined and caused by preceding occurrences (Determinism). If all human actions are influence then there is no free will and humans are not morally responsible for what they do. Contemporary determinists also believe that human behavior is determined by some external causes which are beyond mans control, particularly genetic and environmental factors (Geisler).We do not know exactly whether Robinetts Silenus has ever heard of determinism and free will, but he successfully applies deterministic views to explain his behavior. He believes his behavior is determined and caused by his genetic constitution that was prone to him by Hench and that his inclinations that are caused by this constitution cant be controlled.Silenus maintains that if he is not responsible for wh at he is made from, then he cant be responsible for what he does. Although Silenus carriage about behavior and responsibility corresponds to the views of proponents of determinism, it is obvious that Silenus arguments do not at all reflect his philosophical deterministic rank in life, but rather are a convenient excuse for change moral responsibility for his actions to others.Silenus versus HenchSilenus I am not responsible for what I am and Henchs You are responsible for what you do are in fact compatible. Hench created Silenus with certain predispositions which imbibe him likely to behave and act in a particular way in certain situations. Hench is the author of Silenus predispositions and the one who shaped Silenus character. Silenus has energy to do with the material he was made from and he is right when he says that he is not responsible for what he is.But Silenus is also a rational being and in several cases he demonstrates that his decisions are based on reasoning. He is also able to control and guide his behavior. It follows that it is Silenus, not Hench, who can be held responsible for what he does. So both Silenus and Henchs positions are correct and compatible. In this story, the problem is that Silenus is not responsible for what he is and extends this irresponsibility to what he does.In the beginning of the story, Hench agrees with Silenus view of the extent of his moral responsibility. In his discussion with Audrey, Hench maintains that as Silenus creator he is fully responsible for him. Hench does not consider Silenus a human being and maintains that he is not able to take care of himself and assume responsibility for what he does. Hench heretofore goes so far as to state that he is responsible for everything Silenus is or does because Silenus is exactly what he, Hench, made him (Robinett).However, we can also see Hench criticize Silenus for his unacceptable behavior, because he does not control his desires, and also suggest that Silenus sh ould be responsible for his actions (Robinett). It seems there is a certain contradiction in Henchs belief of responsibility for Silenus. On the one hand, he feels responsible for Silenus actions because he is his creator. On the other hand, although in Henchs view Silenus is not a human being, he is at least a rational being as he often demonstrates his ability to express thoughts and explain things that are based on reasoning.Hench believes that Silenus should at least emphasize to be responsible for his actions and control them (Robinett). We may assume from what we read in the story that there is some struggle in Henchs mind as to whether only he should be held responsible for Silenus actions or whether this responsibility should be shared between both him and Silenus. As we read on, at the end of the story Hench comes to the conclusion that Silenus should be held accountable for his behavior, too. Although this conclusion is reached on the basis of his personal grievance again st Silenus (because Silenus had sex with Audrey), it is clear that now Hench is firm in his opinion that he is responsible for what Silenus is, but not for what Silenus does.GorrMichael Gorr is a proponent of the compatibilistic theory. Unlike libertarians, who maintain that humans have free will which is incompatible with determinism, compatibilists believe that determinism and free will exist and are in fact compatible ideas. According to this belief, free will is not a persons ability to make a certain choice independently of prior causes and even sots, but a persons ability to make when he or she is not forced to do it. Compatibilists do not deny that our choices are predetermined, but they emphasize that the choices we make are examples of free will if we are not forced to make them. But if we are forced to make whatever choices we make, then this is an example of a lack of free will (Compatibilism and Incompatibilism).If a persons action is coerced, then this person is not r esponsible for it. But if a persons action is not coerced, that is, under certain circumstances the person can do otherwise, then this person is accountable for the action. Gorrs compatibilistic position is seen in his example of knocking down Jones. Gorr maintains that in the case where another person pushes him and makes him bump into Jones, he should not be held responsible for his action as its consequence is not a result of his intention or choice. In the case where he deliberately bumps into Jones and injures him, he is accountable for his behavior because he could do otherwise. Gorr states that we are responsible for our actions only when we desire for these actions to occur (Gorr).Gorr accepts, unlike libertarians, the deterministic universal causation, but he rejects the deterministic belief that humans are not to be held responsible for their actions because their actions are determined and caused by factors which are beyond their control. He agrees with Hench who states a t the end of the story that Silenus is responsible for his behavior which is the result of his desires even though he is not responsible for his genetic constitution that determines and causes his desires.Gorr maintains that it is not necessary to be responsible for ones desires in order to be responsible for ones behavior. For Gorr, it is more important to have control over ones actions and not to have control over the causes of these actions. So long as we have control over our actions and it depends on our choice whether these actions will occur or not, Gorr concludes, we are responsible for these actions. And Silenus, regardless of his genetic constitution and environment, should be held responsible for his actions (Gorr).ConclusionWe can part reject determinism as philosophical proposition and do not agree with the belief that whatever we do is predetermined and we cant control it or do otherwise and are, therefore, not to be held responsible for what we do. But it seems scat he to reject or neglect the notion of universal causation which determinists believe is constitutive(a) to their theory. It would be wrong to deny that some events are caused by other preceding events, and the latter were caused by earlier events, and so on. It seems there exists an unbroken causal chain of which humans are part.Similarly, it would be wrong to deny the importance and influence of factors such as heredity or upbringing on how we make our decisions or choose to behave in a particular situation. So every event has its cause and every human action is also caused by certain factors. What does seem important in this case is, as Gorr points out, the difference in the kind of causation (Gorr). Our genetic make-up and the environment are important, but not the only, factors which predetermine or guide our behavior as we can often control them and choose to do otherwise than these factors predispose us to do.Personally, I cant accept the deterministic position that everythin g that exists or occurs has a sufficient reason for existing or occurring as it exists or occurs, and not otherwise (Causal Determinism). It is hard to believe that human actions are predetermined, are not free, and cant be changed (hard determinism), or that there is chance they could be changed (soft determinism). I do not particularly like the idea that since human actions are not free humans are not to be held morally responsible for them because in my view this promotes certain moral chaos. I am not convinced by the indeterministic position that all human acts are uncaused.I share the libertarian belief that humans actually do have free will, but like Gorr, I do not believe it is incompatible with deterministic causation. That is why I am most inclined to accept compatibilism which is something in the middle between determinism and libertarianism and does not disparage deterministic causation and accepts free will, and therefore, moral responsibility. I believe that my actions can be in fact predetermined by several factors, but in many cases I still have the possibility to choose between two and more options, and that I should be held responsible for whatever the consequences of my choice are.BIBLIOGRAPHY1. Causal Determinism. Retrieved January 27, 2008 from the foundation wide Web http//plato.stanford.edu/entries/determinism-causal/2. Compatibilism. Retrieved January 27, 2008 from the World Wide Web http//plato.stanford.edu/entries/compatibilism/3. Compatibilism and Incompatibilism. Retrieved January 27, 2008 from the World Wide Web http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compatibilism4. Determinism. Retrieved January 27, 2008 from the World Wide Web http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Determinism5. Geisler, N. Freedom, Free Will, and Determinism. Retrieved January 27, 2008 from the World Wide Web http//www.mb-soft.com/believe/text/determin.htm6. Gorr, M. Being and Doing Some eyeshots about Responsibility. Though Probes.7. Lecture Notes on Free Will and Determinism. Ret rieved January 27, 2008 from the World Wide Web http//www.sfu.ca/philosophy/swartz/freewill1.htm8. Robinett, S. The Satyr. Thought Probes.